Herd Sir
Smith, my name is Samuel Scriven and I am a Government inspector. In
this report is included all the information I have managed to gather about
child labour. I have been investigating the working conditions of children in
Potteries. In all I interview about 100 children and asked them to talk to me
about their working day and conditions, I also interviewed several adults over
a three- month period from May to July, 1844. Many interviews to the employed
and to policemen are included to confirm and have proof of the information I have
gathered. I am a reporter and with this example I would like to work for you; I
usually investigate legal concerning events and others in which I try in my
reports to induce the reader in helping the situation; so I guess my style of
writing is also a little persuasive in some way. I would also like to know what
you think about it. I occupy myself of reporting from four years to now, since
1840; for the moment I have investigated specific cases in Britain, but I would
be interested in going to Europe when maybe I will be more professional. The
information I collected as I already said concerns children from Stroke on
Trent and the surrounding area factories. The Children working in the potteries
are of ages from the range of five to twelve year old children. Those that are
more requested and more common in factories are young and small children that
can easily move anywhere freely, but older ones are useful too. The work that
the children do is very hard. For example children are burnishes, runner of
moulds, making of clay, paper cutters, making cockspurs. They could seem quite
easy but children are obsessed by their masters and have to produce or work
quickly to produce as much as they can. The money they are given is a very low
quantity and it is not enough in proportion of the amount of work they do.
Infact many work from nine to fifteen hours a day and receive one or a couple
of shillings. They are affected for the rest of their life as Robert Glass
confirms in his interview. They have terrible aches and respiratory problems.
Also they will not be able to read or write because they don’t have time to go
to “ Daily School” and only some are not too exhausted to attend Sunday School.
Their rewards in some cases are only a compliment or a pad on the back; some do
have money as reward; but punishments are not excluded. Police are trying to
organise some changes although as reported by me from the interview to inspector Ryles, they are quite confused on
the ideas. He states: “ Sometimes they are sent on errands” this proved that
not only they work hard but are forced to commit crime and they will pay for
the consequences and they will have the fault. We also found out that
masters oblige children to work also
during their meal times, also stated by Mr. Ryles, he also continues by
saying:” Whenever their masters have neglected their work in the early part of
the week then they have their boys at work at four, and I have known them begin
at three.”. This is terrible because children continue respecting their
masters; but their masters do not and own much of the little free time these
poor kids have. “ I have known repeated instances where masters come to work
under the effects of drunkenness”. Many times children are forced to be thieves
and steal alimentary at the market, Mr
Ryles: “ to gratify their appetites”. As an example Inspector Ryles gives us an
example of a nine- year old child that committed a theft and when, Mr. Ryles
himself, discovered the boy had acted on his master’s order, nothing was done
with him, but with the child!
Instead
Mr. Robert Glass, a workman at Melior, Venables and Pinder Earthenware Factory at Burslem gave evidence
that the health of children was damaged by working in factories. I personally
interview Mr. Glass and I found out from him that he himself has been employed
in the potting trade for 26 years, his job was the one of the workman. “The
conditions are very dangerous for example the mould runner has to run with
heavy mould in both his hands near stoves. It is also very easy to trip” states
Glass as another proof of the drastic conditions of these children’s work. He
also says that in the dripping house, children are subject to injuries from the
effects of the ingredients that are used in the glosses. Girls when they grow
up will have bad aching to their necks because they are overburdened with the
water they have to carry over their heads. “ I have known many cases where
children are obliged to fetch liquor for the working men, and drink portions
themselves. Before I became more reflective, I regret to say I revelled in the
like sin” Mr. Glass confesses. And not
many men stop. Children are also commonly told to lie and steal. Because of the
poor effort in the men s work the children are mistreated and beaten up if they
will not do the work the men are supposed to do, but do not. “I believe the
children in the potteries are below par in po9int of moral conduct, and I
should say this is a result of ignorance of the adult population. To remedy this
it is necessary to establish a good system of moral education for the rising
generation, by establishing institutions in which rational and healthful
amusements and industrial training is observed and carried out.” He finally claimed that few men lived beyond
the age of 45. This I think includes fully how the children are treated, the
drastic consequences and how they should be treated. I hope to hear your
opinions and what you might think of doing. Thank you for your attention
Samuel
Scriven
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